House-heating system



May 5, 1925.

H. M. ESSELEN HOUSE HEATING SYSTEM Filed Aug. 14. 1919 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Mlissei/en,

Patented Mays, 1925.

HENRY M. usSELEN, orsosmnnaw, acsron, MASSACHUSETTS.

HOUSE-HEATING SYSTEM.

Application ma August 14, 1919. Serial No. 317,451.

To all whom it may concern: 7 Beit known that I, HENRY M. ESSELEN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Roslindale, city of Boston, county of Suffolk, and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in HousewHeating Systems, of which the following like parts.

description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specificatlon, like characters on the drawlngs representing This invention pertains to improvements in house-heating systems and the like.

In the draw1ngs:

Fig. 1 illustrates a preferred form of one embodiment of my invention asapplied and practiced in connection with a diagrammatic house-heating system of the so-called .vac-

uum type; i 1

Fig. 2 illustrates a preferred form of one embodiment of my invention as applied and it practiced in, connection with a diagrammatlc house-heating system of the so-called steam pressure type; and

Figs. 3 and 4 show preferred forms of control devices for starting and stopping 1 preferred forms of pump for circulating air through the system. i

In Fig. 1 is showna steam boiler 3 hav ing a. steam dome 4, a steam outlet line 5 connected to a radiator 6, which is prefer: ably supplied, as shown, with a return line 7 connected near the bottom of the boiler.

In systems of this type, each radiator is commonly supplied with anair valve 8,

which is ordinarily piped to some form of exhaust apparatus usually of the siphon type. This siphon is used to exhaust the air from the system so that the vapor from the heated water in'the boiler will circulate through the system without necessitating any pressure in the system above atmospheric pressure. 1

Ihave found that the efficiency of systems .of this type is greatly increased by providing air inlet means preferably con nected, as shown, to supply air to the boiler at a point below the water level thereof and preferably at the bottom thereof; In

the preferred form ofmy invention shown in the drawings, the pipe '9 is opento the atmosphereyat 10 andpasses through the smokechamber 11 so that the air inthe pipe 9 is somewhat heated, the pipe 9 being in the prefsrredyform of my invention illustrated contested at 12 to the return line 'Z at a point between the boiler and the usual i check valve 13. Of course the connection of the pipe 9 to the return line is merely convenient, and it may be connected to the boiler directly or in any other suitable way. The valve 8 is connected by a pipe 14. to any suitable exhaust apparatus indicated at 15, winch preferably takes the form of a suction pump operated by an electric motor which is adapted to be stopped and started in any suitable way, but preferably automatically, and directly or indirectly by a In Figs. 3and 4:, I have shown preferred forms of control devices for starting and stopping preferred forms of pump for circulating air through the system. In the preferred form. of apparatus shown in Fig. 3, primarily adapted for use in that form of thermostatic control, through snap switch.

my invention illustrated in Fig. 1, I have 1 shown a thermostatic element 100, preferably, as illustrated, enclosed in a shell 101 into which vapor may be introduced from the system or which may be merely subjected to the changes in temperature in a portion of the space to be heated by thesystem. As the temperature rises, the thermostatic device contracts until the end thereof contacts with the electrical contact 102, thus closing the circuit from the battery 103 and energizing the coil about the solenoid 104, thereby rocking the switch fulcrumedQat 105 and withdrawing the knife switch 106 so that the circuit between the wires 10? and 108, previously, supplying current-to the pump-actuating motor 110, may be broken.

Conversely, as the temperature lowers, the thermostatic device 100 will straighten until the end thereof touches the electrical contact 111, thereby closing the circuit including the battery 103 to energize the coil about the solenoid 112, thereby rocking the knife switch 106 back into the position illustrated in the drawings so as to. again close the circuit between the wires 107. and 108, thereby energizing the motor 110. The

motor 110 in the preferred form of my inventionillustratedin Fig. .3, reciprocates the piston 113 of a suction. pump having a cylinder 114, thereby sucking air in through the inlet valve 115 from the pipe 14 and ex,- pelling said air through the exhaust valve 116 into the exhaust pipe 117.

That form of my invention shown in Fig. 4 is substantially identical with thatillus trated in F ig, 3, except the pump m cluding the cylinder 114 and piston 113, is of the type primarily adapt-ed ior use in connection with that form of my invention illustrated in Fig. 2 of the drawings, so thatthe air supplied to the boiler is under pressure greater than the atmosphere, instead of being actuated by suction as in the device shown in Figs. 1 and 3 ot the drawings. To this end, air may be drawn in through the inlet pipe 130 and inlet valve-131, being discharged under pressure through the discharge valve 132, thence into the pipe 9 (seealso Fi 2) under a'pressure sutliciently great to overcoine'the head of the water in the boiler and, where the pr ssure' in the system is greater than the atmospheric pressure, providing a suliicient pressure to over-- come whatever pressure there may be in the system as a whole.

Air entering the pipe 9 at 10 passes through the smoke chamber 11 and is some What heated, thence passes into the bottom of theboiler through the return line 7, passes up through the water in the form of bubbles, taking up water vapor as it passes through the water and improvingthe circulation, andthence passes into the steam or vapor dome d and thence through the pipe 5 into the radiator 6. The air not only carries considerable heat, but is a superior carrier for the water vapor and improves the circulation in the system.

In Fig. 2, whici shows diagrammatically my system and method as applied to a house-heating boiler ot the steam pressure type, 3 is the boiler. 41 the steam dome,

5 the steam outlet line, 6 the radiator and 7 the return line, anc 8 is an air valve of the usual thermally controlled type. I have shown the pipe 9 passing from any suitable compressor 15, hereinafter more fully described, through the smoke chamber 11 and thence-entering the boiler at .12. The pipe 9 may, if desired, be connected to the boiler through the return line 7 at a point between theboiler and the checlt valve 13. The compresor'15 is preferably electrically operated, the supply of energizing current to the motor being automatically controlled by a thermally operated snap switch.

lVhen the temperature in the house falls belbw a given point, the compressor 15" is started pumping the air through the pipe- 9" into the boiler, where it passes in the form of'b'ubble's' up through the water and thence into the steam dome, passingthrough the pipe 5" into the radiator 6", where it is separated from the steam by theairvalve 8; As in the vacuum system before described, the air serves not only as aheating medium, butalso as a superiorcarrier .for the water vapor and steam, and also assists the circulation: of the-"steam through the system.

While I have shown and described two embodiments of" my invention as applied to steam and vacuum systems, it will be understood that changesiinvolving omission, substitution, alteration and reversal of parts, and even. changes in the mode of operation, may be made without departing from the scope of my invention, which is best defined in the following claims.

Claims:

1. In a house-heating system including a boiler, and a radiator having supply and return lines connected thereto, an air inlet conduit connected to the boiler below the Water level therein to produce heated moisture laden air bubbles in the boiler whereby to assist circulation therein and to produce aerated vapor for circulation in the'radiator, anair outlet conduit connected to the radiator at the end opposite the vapor supply line connection and an air pump connected to one of said conduits;

2. In a house-heating system including a boiler, and a radiator having'supply and return lines=connected thereto, an air inlet conduit connected to the boiler below the water level therein toproduce heated moisture laden air bubbles in the boiler whereby to assist circulation therein and to produce aerated vapor for circulation in the radiator, an airoutletconduit connected to the radiator at the end opposite the vapor supply line connection. and a thermally con.- trolled air pump connected to one of said conduits.

3. In a house-heating system including a boiler, and a radiator having supply and" return lines connected thereto, an air inlet conduit connected to the boiler below the water level therein to produce heated moisture laden air bubbles in the boiler whereby toassist circulation therein and to produce aerated vapor'ior circulation in the radiator, an air injector connected tosaid inlet conduit and an air vent connected to the radiatorabove the return line connection thereto.

4. In a house heatingsystem including a boiler, and a radiator haying supply and return lines connected thereto, an: ain inlet conduit connected to the boiler. below the water level therein to produce heated moistureladen air bubbles in the boiler whereby to assist circulation therein and to produce aerated vapor for'circulation in: the radiator; a thermally controlled: air in jector connected to said in-let'conduit, an air vent connected to the radiator above the re-- turn line connection thereto and an automatic valve in said airvent.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my nametothis speeificati ona ML ESSEEEN'. 

